July 24, 2006

Section: Local & State

Page: 1C, 2C

 

 

Analysis: Illinois has worst fiscal health in nation

Aaron Chambers Register Star Springfield Bureau

Rockford Register Star

 

SPRINGFIELDThe rebounding national economy meant extra cash in the coffers of nearly every state in the union.

 

Nearly every state, except Illinois.

 

Illinois was one of three states to finish the 2005 budget year with a deficit — of $3 billion, to be exact — in its central checking account, a Register Star analysis found. Illinois' deficit was the largest in the nation. Wisconsin and North Carolina are also in the red; every other state finished with a surplus.

 

Illinois also finished fiscal 2005 last in net assets. This measurement is equivalent to the state government's value after comparing debt, such as payments owed to health-care providers, with cash on hand, property and other assets.

 

Illinois said its net assets were minus-$17 billion, making it one of two states — New Jersey is the other — to report a negative figure in this category.

 

Illinois finished second to last in a third category, all government funds. This category totals the general fund, the state's central checking account, plus separate accounts like the one for road construction.

 

Gov. Rod Blagojevich's budget director, John Filan, said fiscal health is better than the numbers make it look. He said the state is taking in enough money to cover annual bills, but it's burdened by debt that the Democrat inherited when he took office in January 2003.

 

"In terms of day-to-day running the joint, so to speak, we've taken in more money than we've spent in terms of expenditures," he said.

 

The figures reflect the state's long-standing struggle to control health-care bills and pay down pension debt. Comptroller Dan Hynes, a Democrat, called them "two major obstacles to getting entirely on sound fiscal footing."

 

The state was backed up with $1.4 billion in health-care bills when it ended its last budget on June 30. And as of late last year, its five pension systems had a $38.6 billion gap between cash in the bank and what it would cost to cover retirees and current workers' retirement balances.

 

Health-care providers serving Medicaid recipients often wait several months for the state to reimburse them for the costs. And when the state finally gets around to paying them, it usually covers less than 100 percent of their costs.

 

"Obviously we're paying our staff, we're paying the dentists, we're paying all of our expenses, our rent and everything for months before we get paid," said David Wolle, manager of Dental Dreams in Rockford. "Would I like them to increase the fees? Of course. But the state's got so many commitments to so many groups, that would be unrealistic. At the least, they could pay more frequently."

 

Dental Dreams is one of a few dentist's offices in Rockford that will accept new patients on Public Aid.

 

"We welcome everyone, and we really try to give everybody a good experience," Wolle said.

 

The Register Star based its analysis on data from the Comprehensive Annual Financial Report published by each state.

 

The CAFR is the definitive report on state finances. Only Connecticut and New Mexico had not published their 2005 reports by July 21.

 

Ralph Martire, executive director of the Center for Tax and Budget Accountability, an Illinois fiscal policy think tank, said the figures show that the state's tax base is too narrow.

 

Martire has pushed for a higher income tax and a broader sales tax — one that would apply to services as well as goods — to generate more money for public schools and other spending needs.

 

"Our revenue system is one of the most poorly designed in the nation, so a growing economy does not eliminate our deficit problem," he said. "If revenues don't track economic growth every year, it gets a little bit worse."

 

Analysts with credit-rating agencies Standard & Poor's and Fitch Ratings were pragmatic about the Illinois figures.

 

They said they tend to focus on a state's cash balance and whether it can pay its bills, rather than get bogged down in numbers that can be outdated by the time they're published.

 

Still, they said, the Illinois CAFR is consistent with longstanding challenges.

 

"You can't explain all of it away," said John Kenward, an analyst with S&P.

 

"It's still not an ideal situation. It does signal things to look out for."

 

The $3 billion deficit reported in 2005 was more than $500 million larger than the previous year.

 

Filan, the governor's budget chief, said the earlier deficit appeared smaller because the state borrowed $850 million at the end of the year, and the state was not actually slipping into a deeper fiscal hole.

 

He said $1.3 billion of that $3 billion hole stemmed from an unusual accounting regulation that requires Illinois to report the anticipated cost of certain public-school costs — mostly special education — on top of its current cost. The S&P and Fitch analysts agreed with Filan.

 

Filan also argued some of the CAFR's figures reflect routine but random budget movement.

 

He noted that in fiscal 2004, the general fund got more money from other accounts than it dispensed to them. And if you don't account for the red ink that started that year, he said, the general fund would have finished the year with $1.7 billion.

 

"I would have been happy to announce at the end of (fiscal) '04 that we had this huge surplus of $1.7 billion," he said.

 

"But not only would I have been booed out of the room, I would have risked people spending it."

 

Staff writer Aaron Chambers may be reached at 217-782-2959 or achambers@rrstar.com.

 

Where we got the fiscal info from

 

The Register Star analyzed data from each state's Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for fiscal 2005, the latest year for which the reports are available. The report, commonly known as the CAFR, represents the definitive look at a state's finances.

 

The newspaper used three figures from each report: the end-of-year general fund balance or deficit, the all-government-funds balance or deficit, and the "governmental activities net assets."

 

Every state but Connecticut and New Mexico completed its CAFR for fiscal 2005 by press time. The Register Star used previous data from these two states.

 

On the Web

 

Visit www.rrstar.com to view the Register Star's complete analysis. We've also posted audio of Illinois budget Director john Filan and Comptroller Dan Hynes discussing the state's budget deficit.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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